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ENDNOTES

1 ‘ London area widowhood reviewed: the newest refuse of women remarriage about seventeenth and you may early 18th ages ‚, Continuity and alter 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Student

3 Wrigley , E. A. and you may Schofield , R. , The populace reputation for The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Scholar ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The latest remarrying widow: a label reconsidered‘, when you look at the Past , Meters. ed., Ladies in English people, 1500–1800 ( London , 1985 ), 54 – ninety-five .Bing College student

4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows into the late Elizabethan London: reily orientations‘, within the Bonfield , L. , Smith , Roentgen. and Wrightson , K. eds., The nation you will find gathered ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Bing Pupil

5 Neither, we would incorporate, performed riches be sure it (anecdotal facts on the other hand), as is ideal of the Nancy Adamson’s finding ( ‘Metropolitan family members: the fresh public context of your London top-notch, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University from Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Yahoo Scholar , said because of the Steven Rappaport ( Globes in this worlds: formations out of lives for the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], 40 )Google Scholar , that throughout the after sixteenth century certain 58 % off aldermen’s widows, certainly the newest richest and more than eligible off partners, failed to remarry.

6 See Grigg , Susan , ‘ Toward a principle away from remarriage: a case examination of Newburyport at the beginning of brand new 19th century ‚, Log from Interdisciplinary History 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar

8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its own ramifications in mid-eighteenth-century London: the evidence of one’s Foundling Health ‚, Continuity and change 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle College student

nine ‘ Home and you can kinship: Ryton in the late 16th and you may early seventeenth years ‚, Records Working area 10 ( 1980 ), 44 .Bing Pupil

eleven Ibid. Austen’s journal provides understanding of a generational shift. Austen by herself declined remarriage since the infringing her individual and economic independence in addition to their unique honour, if you are meanwhile recognizing one to their mom’s remarriage in order to Alderman John Highlord in early 1640s was element of the foundation to own her own success https://getbride.org/es/mujeres-moldavas/ (British Collection, Incorporate. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).

several The newest petition of the widows, into the and you can regarding London area and Westminster getting an excellent redress of the problems , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London , 1810 ), 170 –5.Google Beginner

fourteen This new category on English world is discussed very generally because of the Linda Woodbridge, in females and the English Renaissance: literature together with nature of womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Google College student

15 The words concludes ‘that people widowes can be recovered to your previous joyes because of the that have plurality out of suitors and daily expectations of acquiring an effective and lusty more youthful husbands, on the solace of our bodies and rejoycing in our soules, for females (even as we would have every business see) wish to live and you will color on the society from husbands‘.

16 To many other comparable mock petitions typed in this period and you can later, select Smith , H. and you can Cardinale , S. , Feminine while the literature of your 17th century: a keen annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Bing Scholar

17 Nicholles , An excellent. , A commentary of , J. , The fresh new arraignment away from …women, which includes a section for the ‘Brand new happen-baiting of your mirror of widows‘ ( 1615 )Bing College student ; Taylor , J. , The newest Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Yahoo Beginner

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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. A great. , ‘The widow: a repeated profile inside Jacobean and you may Caroline comedy‘ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School of the latest Brunswick , 1978 ), 1 , 75 , 79 .Google College student While i pointed out when you look at the ‘New reples from widows exactly who picked to not get married and you can resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows try universally rich, so that origin brings nothing assistance of these speculating concerning thinking of your worst widow.